![]() Count Gustav Ernst von Stackelberg Main participants: Charles Maurice de Talleyrand-Périgord 23. Friedrich von Gentz (Congress Secretary) 19. Richard Le Poer Trench, 2nd Earl of Clancarty 17. Pedro Gómez Labrador, Marquis of Labrador 16. Pedro de Sousa Holstein, 1st Count of Palmela 10. Jean-Louis-Paul-François, 5th Duke of Noailles 6. António de Saldanha da Gama, Count of Porto Santo 4. Joaquim Lobo Silveira, 7th Count of Oriola 3. Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington 2. The leadership of the Congress fell on the four powers that defeated Napoleon: Great Britain, Austrian Empire, Russia and Prussia. The Congress of Vienna (1814-1815) was the largest diplomatic meeting held until then in Europe. ![]() There were countries where the restoration of the old order was impossible while in others, in some way, it was easier. The revolutionary past left a deep footprint in Europe. Not all Europe behaved the same. The restoration of the old regime that the monarchies claimed was impossible. Society based on privileges, not equality. Restore powers where the monarch and his government did not share sovereignty with parliaments. Monarchy based on tradition, which opposed the idea of the Nation as a popular will. In the time of the Restoration, between 18, it was based on the following principles: The Congress of Vienna was the attempt of the absolutist monarchies to return to the pre-revolutionary era and to establish a "stable" order to their interests, which would stop the wave of the liberal revolutions. After the convulsive period of the French Revolution and the Napoleonic wars, the previous political and social order had to be reconstructed, to return to the old European order. A new geopolitical map of Europe and the absolutist restoration after the Congress of ViennaĪfter the defeat of Napoleon, the European powers tried to restore the past: the absolute monarchy and the estates' society. Austrian statesman Klemens Wenzel von Metternichwas the main protagonist. The Congress met at Schoenbrun Castle between Octoand June 9, 1815. The Congress of Vienna was the conference between ambassadors of the greatest powers in Europe. The congress took place after the seizures provoked during the Napoleonic Era throughout Europe, in which the French Empire will redraw the borders of the continent in its favour, and once Napoleon was defeated in 1814. The European powers had the mission to re-establish the political map, try to control and eliminate the liberal revolutions that they had produced or would have occurred in the future, and to re-establish in power the absolute monarchies that General Bonaparte had overthrown from power. The Congress mission was restoring European order after the defeat of Napoleon in Waterloo. Iran condemning people elsewhere deprives them of life and liberty in Britain and beyond.The Congress of Vienna was chaired by Prince Von Metternich, and it met in Vienna between Octoand June 9, 1815. Haiti in tears sends boatloads of Haitians to the hospitality of Florida. Albania in despair sends Albanians to the poorest part of Italy. Yugoslavia in civil war breaks the peace of Europe and propels refugees. But the world has been acting ahead of its rationale, out of a sense of right and wrong as well as in national interests. The problem of how to intervene legally in another country for humanitarian reasons or democratic legitimacy - the reverse of Metternich's legitimacy - has not been solved. Aristide went to the OAS for help in an internal matter. has used the Organization of American States as cover for action before, but some American states opposing that in the past are more accommodating this time. The army coup against President Jean-Bertrand Aristide in Haiti galvanized European and American powers into thinking that this must not be allowed. The Europeans are creative in using supranational institutions for Yugoslav intervention, including the CSCE and a hitherto pointless military forum called the Western European Union (an embryo NATO minus the North Americans), wondering how far to go. ![]() ![]() As a result, the European Community gave itself authority to mediate in a dispute between a federal and a state government without considering that this is an internal affair. The reason is that the Khmer Rouge murdered too many Cambodians in the 1970s, and we would feel awful if they did again and it was our fault. and other nations that backed the heinous Khmer Rouge indirectly, when it was a thorn in Vietnam's side, now say the Khmer Rouge must never again rule Cambodia. They could not tolerate its anarchy.Īnd then there is the problem of Cambodia. With Liberia in a three-way revolution bringing misery to all, its West African neighbors invaded to bring peace, or failing that, to make the dispute four-sided.
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